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    • New insight into the morphology of the long shoots of Pinus (Pinaceae).

    Author(s) : Businský, R.

    Author Affiliation : Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening (RILOG), Květnové nám. 391, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic.

    Author Email : businsky@vukoz.cz ,  roman-businsky@volny.cz

    Journal article : Flora (Jena) 2016 Vol.223 pp.167-190 ref.45

    Abstract : Previously used morphological classifications of the long shootsshootsSubject Category: Anatomical and Morphological Structures
    see more details     of the genus PinuspinusSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details     were found to be insufficient to describe the various forms existing among all species and their fluctuation. Along with the uninodal shoot form, the multinodal form (sometimes differentiated into perfect or imperfect) has been distinguished for more than one hundred years. However, the latter term was found to comprise several neglected but conspicuously different growth forms across the global species diversityspecies diversitySubject Category: Properties
    see more details     of this genus. The primary objective of this research was to reassess all growth forms of the long shoots of pinespinesSubject Category: Organism Groups
    see more details     based on field investigation on more than 100 species. A new classificationclassificationSubject Category: Techniques, Methodologies and Equipment
    see more details     system of vigorous, annual, fertile long shoots of pines is proposed. The original term uninodal is retained, whereas the content of the ambiguous and here excluded term "multinodal" is divided into six specific morphotypes, which represent different developmental forms of more than one node per year. These are newly designated as addinodal, laterinodal, cryptonodal, seronodal, gradinodal and plurinodal, and each morphotype is illustrated with typical examples. The fluctuation and imperfect forms of morphotypes within a species or individual and the juvenile forms of the long shoots are commented. A conclusion table specifying the occurrence of fertile shoot morphotypes in all species of Pinus and juvenile shoot forms in the majority of species is provided. Particular fertile shoot morphotypes occur in the genus Pinus very unevenly: the uninodal morphotype was found in 63 species, the addinodal in 58 species, the plurinodal in 22 species, the seronodal in 10 species, the laterinodal in 8 species, the gradinodal in 7 species, and the cryptonodal morphotype was found in 2 species. Except for the last morphotype, which is found only in America, the others occur in species of Eurasia and America.

    ISSN : 0367-2530

    DOI : 10.1016/j.flora.2016.05.010

    Record Number : 20163308276

    Publisher : Elsevier GmbH

    Location of publication : München

    Country of publication : Germany

    Language of text : English

    Indexing terms for this abstract:

    Organism descriptor(s) : gymnospermsgymnospermsSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , PinaceaepinaceaeSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , PinuspinusSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , plantsplantsSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details

    Descriptor(s) : biodiversitybiodiversitySubject Category: Properties
    see more details    , classificationclassificationSubject Category: Techniques, Methodologies and Equipment
    see more details    , morphologymorphologySubject Category: Miscellaneous
    see more details    , pinespinesSubject Category: Organism Groups
    see more details    , shootsshootsSubject Category: Anatomical and Morphological Structures
    see more details    , species diversityspecies diversitySubject Category: Properties
    see more details    , taxonomytaxonomySubject Category: Disciplines, Occupations and Industries
    see more details    , treestreesSubject Category: Organism Groups
    see more details    , woody plantswoody plantsSubject Category: Organism Groups
    see more details

    Identifier(s) : systematics, United States of America

    Geographical Location(s) : USAusaSubject Category: Geographic Entities
    see more details

    Broader term(s) : SpermatophytaspermatophytaSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , plantsplantsSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , eukaryoteseukaryotesSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , APEC countriesapec countriesSubject Category: Institutions and Organisations
    see more details    , Developed Countriesdeveloped countriesSubject Category: Miscellaneous
    see more details    , North Americanorth americaSubject Category: Geographic Entities
    see more details    , AmericaamericaSubject Category: Geographic Entities
    see more details    , OECD Countriesoecd countriesSubject Category: Institutions and Organisations
    see more details    , PinaceaepinaceaeSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , PinopsidapinopsidaSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , PinophytapinophytaSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details    , gymnospermsgymnospermsSubject Category: Organism Names
    see more details

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