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Focus on: Coronaviruses

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A systematic review of therapeutic agents for the treatment of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Background: The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first described in 2012 and attracted a great international attention due to multiple healthcare associated outbreaks. The disease carries a high case fatality rate of 34.5%, and there is no internationally or nationally...

The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis. Background. Administration of convalescent plasma, serum, or hyperimmune immunoglobulin may be of clinical benefit for treatment of severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) of viral etiology. We conducted a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis to assess the overall evidence. Methods....

The roles of transportation and transportation hubs in the propagation of influenza and coronaviruses: a systematic review. Background. Respiratory viruses spread in humans across wide geographical areas in short periods of time, resulting in high levels of morbidity and mortality. We undertook a systematic review to assess the evidence that air, ground and sea mass transportation systems or hubs are associated with...

Asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: extent and implications for infection control: a systematic review. Background: The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012 and attracted an international attention as the virus caused multiple healthcare associated outbreaks. There are reports of the role of asymptomatic individuals in the transmission of MERS-CoV, however, the...

What have we learned about Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus emergence in humans? A systematic literature review. Background: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in humans in 2012. A systematic literature review was conducted to synthesize current knowledge and identify critical knowledge gaps. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic review on MERS-CoV using...

Airborne transmission and precautions: facts and myths. Airborne transmission occurs only when infectious particles of <5 µm, known as aerosols, are propelled into the air. The prevention of such transmission is expensive, requiring N95 respirators and negative pressure isolation rooms. This lecture first discussed whether respiratory viral...

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CABI book chapters (your subscription gives you fulltext access to selected chapters)

Animal-human transmission models. This chapter describes animal-human transmission (mathematical) models that aim to relate human disease frequency to the animal reservoir, providing a mechanism for the comparison of the effectiveness of interventions in humans and animals. Brucellosis, rabies, mosquito-borne diseases (e.g. Rift...

Preparedness and response to pandemics and other infectious disease emergencies. This chapter discusses the principles and practice of emergency preparedness and response as applied to infectious disease emergencies, using influenza as an example. It describes the epidemiology and spread of pandemic influenza, the detection and tracking of influenza viruses, principles of...

International tourism and infectious disease: managing the SARS crisis in Singapore. This chapter discusses the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which posed unprecedented problems for certain destinations at the centre of the epidemic. After an introduction to selected health risks linked to travel, SARS and its consequences for tourism are examined with...

The animal connection. This chapter reviews the animal origins of some of the most serious infectious diseases of humans, which include human immunodeficiency virus infections, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. It also discusses the role of bats as a reservoir host for other...

 

CAB Reviews – CABI’s e-Journal

Hand washing - its role in preventing water, foodborne and healthcare-associated diseases. The rise in indices of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance is a cause for concern and calls for multiple approaches for control to be considered. The most exposed parts of the body, such as hands, skin, head and the face are a leading source of these pathogens. Hands in particular are...

New media methods for syndromic surveillance and disease modelling. Morbidity and mortality associated with an infectious disease outbreak can be mitigated by early detection followed by swift action. Modelling, tracking and predicting disease outbreaks are therefore priorities for public health agencies. New media data sources, including social media platforms,...

 

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